What is the term for the evaluation of an action's potential positive results and its potential negative consequences?

The term that refers to the evaluation of an action's potential positive results and its potential negative consequences is risk/benefit analysis. This process involves systematically assessing the advantages and disadvantages of a decision or action, weighing its potential gains against risks or drawbacks.

In the context of firefighting and emergency services, conducting a risk/benefit analysis is crucial for making informed decisions that prioritize safety while maximizing effectiveness in emergency situations. Firefighters often face situations where they must evaluate the potential benefits of an action, such as saving lives or protecting property, against the risks involved, including potential harm to themselves, civilians, or damage to equipment.

The other options, while related to assessment and evaluation in various contexts, do not specifically capture the dual focus on both positive outcomes and negative consequences that is characteristic of a risk/benefit analysis. For instance, a primary survey typically refers to an initial assessment in emergency medicine, strategic analysis implies broader planning and decision-making at a higher level, and size-up is concerned with assessing the scene and conditions before taking action.