Which fire control method involves surrounding the flames with an inert material?

The fire control method that involves surrounding the flames with an inert material is smothering. This technique works by cutting off the fire’s access to oxygen, which is essential for combustion. By applying materials that do not support combustion, such as certain types of soil, sand, or foam, the fire is effectively starved of the oxygen it needs to sustain itself.

This approach is particularly useful in situations where it is impractical to use water or other extinguishing agents. Smothering can be applied to small fires or to flammable liquids where traditional methods might exacerbate the situation.

In contrast, cooling involves the application of water to reduce the temperature of the fire, while starvation refers to the removal of fuel sources. Ventilation, on the other hand, is primarily used to remove smoke and heat from a burning structure but can inadvertently supply more oxygen to the fire if not managed carefully.